The 100 Lockers

The problem
100 lockers · student k toggles every kth locker123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233343536373839404142434445464748495051525354555657585960616263646566676869707172737475767778798081828384858687888990919293949596979899100all start closedwhich lockers are open after all 100 students walk by?

A hallway has 100 lockers, all closed. 100 students walk past them, one at a time:

  • Student 1 toggles every locker (opens all 100).
  • Student 2 toggles every 2nd locker.
  • Student 3 toggles every 3rd locker.
  • ...
  • Student kk toggles every kkth locker.
  • ...
  • Student 100 toggles only locker 100.

After all 100 students walk by, which lockers are open?